Rabbet-plane.



J. H. SHAW.

RABBET PLANE.

APPLIOATION FILED 1 33.5, 1912,

Patented Aug. 12; 1913.

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JOHN H. SHAW, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, ASSIGNOR T0 SARGENT & COMPANY, OF NEW HAVEN, CONNECTICUT, A CORPORATION OF CONNECTICUT.

BABBET-PLANE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 12,1913.

Application filed February 5, 1912. Serial No. 675,489.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, J OHN H. SHAW, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Haven, in the county of New Haven and State of Connecticut, have inventednew and useful. Improvements in Rabbet Planes, of which the following is a full, clear, and eX- act description, when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to rabbet planes, and the primary object of the same is to provide means for adjusting the plane so that it will operate effectively in cutting square rabbets of different sizes.

More particularly, the invention aims to provide an improved adjustable device for increasing the effective width 01' thickness of the stock so that the latter will be properly guided when equipped with cutters of different widths; to provide improved means for limiting the depth of the cut; to furnish a combined gage and guide plate or body which acts in one adjustment to increase the effective width of the stock and in another adjustment serves as a depth gage; and to provide a plurality of combined guide and gage members adapted to cooperate with the plane stock in setting the plane to out square rabbets of at least three different sizes.

The invention also aims to improve certain details of construction, as hereinafter more fullv explained.

Vith these and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel features and combinations of parts to be hereinafter described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating a preferred form of the invention, Fig ure 1 is a side elevation of the plane, with the handle partially broken away; Fig. 2 is a bottom view of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a front end elevation of the plane; Fig. 4: is a view similar to Fig. 1, but with certain parts omitted, and the gages set in another adjustment; Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 4, but showing the gages in still another adjustment; Fig. 6 is a transverse section on line 66 of Fig. at; Fig. 7 is a detail view of one of the forward gage plates; Fig. 8 is a detail view of one of the rear gage plates; and Fig. 9 shows in face view bits of different widths for use in the plane.

Referring to the drawings, the stock or body 10 of the plane, provided with a handle 11, is hown as having a longitudinal tongue or flange 12 at the bottom, above which is a laterally directed shoulder or flange 13 interrupt-ed at certain points in its length, as shown in Fig. 1. The depending tongue 12 is interrupted intermediate of its ends to form the throat 14 of the plane into which throat extends the bit or plane iron 15. This bit or plane iron 15 is clamped in position in the stock by means of a clamping lever 16, fulcrumed on the side of the stock by a pivot screw 17 the lower extremity 18 of said clamping lever being clamped against the lower portion of the bit by means of a set screw 19 threaded through the upper end 20 of the clamping lever and bearing against the upper portion of the bit.

In advance of the throat 14 and at opposite sides of the stock or body 10, the latter carries depending cutters or spurs 21, each of which consists of a bar or blade sharpened at the lower end, and retained at the desired point in a suitable guide way by means of a clamping plate 22 overlying one edge of the cutter, as shown in Fig. 2, and screwed to the stock by means of screws 23 (Figs. 1 and 4). By suitably manipulating the screws 23, the cutters or spurs may be set in the desired vertical adjustment so as to cut into the wood to a greater or less extent.

At the front of the plane is a depth gage 24, comprising a plate adjustable vertically by means of a set screw 25, passing through a lateral extension 26 on said plate, and screwed into a socket 27 on the stock. The gage plate 24 is guided in its vertical movement by means of a thumb screw 28 screwed into the'side of the stock and cooperating with a longitudinal slot 29 in the gage plate. The plate 24 is also guided on the stock by means of a rib 2 1 projecting from the rear face of said plate (as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1), and engaging a groove 24 at the upper portion of the stock (Fig. 4:). At the lower end of the gage plate the same carries a lateral flange or foot 30 adapted to be brought into line with the ledge or flange 13 of the stock, or to be raised above or lowered beneath said ledge or flange.

The ledge or flange 13 is interrupted back of the bit or plane iron in order to accommodate guide bodies 31, 32, independently adjustable on the stock in a vertical direction. These guide bodies preferably comprise plates of the form showmeach having a slot 33, through which passes a set screw 34, by means of wvhich said plates are clamped to the side of the stock in the desired vertical adjustment, as shown, for example, in Fig. 6. The lower edges of the plates 31, 32, are prevented from passing beyond the lower edge of the tongue 12 by means of shoulders 35 formed on the ends of said plates and overhanging the ledge or flange 13 in the manner shown in Fig. 5. The ledge or flange 13 is also interrupted in advance of the bit or plane iron, and preferably in advance of the cutters 21, in order to accommodate guide plates 36, 37, conforming generally in character with the guide plates 31, 32, previously described. The plates 36, 37, are eachprovided at the upper-portion with an open ended slot 36, through which passes a set screw 38 screwed into the side of the stock. Moreover, said plates are provided at the ends with lateral projections or shoulders 39 overhanging the adjacent portions of the ledge or flange 13 and corresponding in function with the shoulders or projections of the plates 31, 32.

Each of the plates 36, 37 "is provided at the side with a star-shaped socket 40 (Fig. 7) adapted to seat a spur 41, having a plurality ofradial arms or cutters adapted to be brought, into play successively. The spurs or cutters 41 are clamped in their seats by means of'small screws 42 in such a manner that when the depending armor projection of the spur becomes worn out said spur can be turned in its seat if the screw 42 is loosened, in order to place another arm or cutting projection in operative position, after which the clamping screw is again tightened. The arrangement is such that the arms of the spurs or cutters when they are successively brought into action will lie flush with the outer surface of the corresponding plate.

As previously stated, one of the main objects of the invention is to provide means whereby the plane may be adjusted to cut differently sized rabbets of square cross-section. In order to produce this result, the arrangement may, for example, be substantially as follows: the tongue 12 may be 2 deep and 11 thick, and the front and rear plates 36, 37, and 31, 32, respectively, may be each :3, thick. The spurs or cutters 21 immediately in front of the bit lie flush with the side face of the tongue 12, and under the conditions noted, they would cut a rabbet :1". wide. The ledge 13 would be 3; wide.

If it is desired to cut a rabbet 9; wide and 4 deep, the parts are adjusted in the manner shown in Fig. 1. The width of the cut in this case is determined by the cutters 21, a 4 bit 15 being used. The depth of the out isregnlated at the front of the plane by adjusting the front depth gage 24 so they will be inoperative.

tongue 12 The forward plates 36, 37, are

raised into their uppermost position, where The rear plates 31, 32, however, are both so adjusted that their lower surfaces are i above the lower surface of the tongue 12, said plates being clamped in the position indicated by means of the screw 34. The depth of the cut will obviously be regulated by the position of l the forward depth gage 24 and of the rear plates, 31, 32. Hence in this adjustment the plates 31, 32 act as depth gages at the rear of the cutter. Supposing, now, that it is desired to cut a rabbet wide and deep, the inner plate 36 is dropped down into the position shown in Fig. 4, the outer plate 37 remaining in its raised position. The plate 36, in conjunction with the tongue 12, will therefore create a guiding body e thick, the spur 41 of said gage being exactly e from the opposite side of the stock having the outside cutter 21 (Fig. 2). The cutter 21 shown in Fig. 4 will lie intermediate the aforesaid spurs or cutters, as will be understood, and if it is desired, it may be removed entirely, although this is not necessary. The 1 bit or iron 15' of Fig. 1 is changed for a a bit or iron 15 The rear gage plate 31 will be lowered into the position shown in Fig. 4, the plate 32 being placed in its uppermost position, thereby providing a guide body a deep and {3 thick at the rear portion of the plane. The depth of the cut will be regulated by the gage 24, as before, the gage plate 37, ledge or flange 13, and the lower edge of the rear gage plate 32. Hence in this adjustment the inner plates 31 and 36 act as guiding bodies for the stock, and the outer plates 32 and 37 act as depth gages.

In case it is desired to cut a rabbet wide and g deep a a bit 15 is used. Both of the forward gages 36, 37 are lowered, as shown in Fig. 5, thereby providing a, guide body 4; thick. The rear gage plates 31, 32, will be similarlylo'wered, as shown in Fig.5, thereby providing a guide body 1 thick at the rear of the plane. When the parts are in' the position shown in' Fig. 5, the outer face of the ledge 01' flange 13 will lie flush with the outer faces of the gage plates 32 and 37, thereby permitting said ledge or flange to pass down into the cutas far as is permitted by the forward depth gage 24, which should obviously be set at a depth of Hence in this adjustment all of the plates 31, 32, 36, 37 act as guiding bodies for the stock; Itwill therefore be understood that the improved plane provides a large number of adjustments with the use of a comparatively few parts. The different adjustmentsn'iay be easily made, and the various gageplates,

and the like, may be easily replaced at slight expense when worn out.

\Vhile the foregoing description is a de tailed one, in so far as it concerns the particular embodiment of my invention selected for illustration, it will be-obvious that the invention is susceptible of numerous other embodiments within the scope of the appended claims.

lVhat I claim is:

1. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a longitudinally extending ledge or flange at one side, a plate adjustable vertically in a gap or interruption of said ledge or flange, and shoulders on said plate overhanging said ledge or flange and limiting the downward movement of said plate with respect to the latter; substantially as described.

2. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a longitudinally directed ledge or flange extending from one side of the same, and a plurality of gage plates clamped in superposed relation to the side of the stock, and adjustable vertically in a gap or interruption of said ledge 01' flange; substantially as described.

3. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a longitudinally directed ledge or flange extending from one side of the same, and a plurality of gage plates clamped in superposed relation to the side of the stock and adjustable vertically in a gap or interruption of said ledge or flange, said plates being arranged for adjustment from a position in which their lower edges are flush with the lower edge of the stock into a position in which their lower edges are flush with the surface of said ledge or flange; substantially as described.

4. In a rabbet plane, a: stock having a relatively thin depending tongue along the bottom thereof, and a laterally projecting ledge or flange above said tongue, and plates on the stock movable downwardly alongside said tongue to present guiding bodies of different thickness; substantially as described.

5. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a relatively thin depending tongue at the bottom, and a laterally projecting ledge or flange above said tongue, and a plurality of parallel plates adjustable independently in a gap or interruption of said ledge or flange, the outermost plate lying substantially flush with the outer surface of the ledge or flange, and said plates being adjustable so that their lower edges are flush with the lower surface of the tongue or the lower surface of the ledge or flange; substantially as described.

6. In a rabbet plane, a stock, a bit therein, a longitudinal tongue depending from the lower portion of the stock, a plurality of plates clamped in superposed relation to the side of the stock in advance of the bit and adapted to be lowered individually or collectively alongside of the tongue to present guiding bodies of different thickness, and similar plates clamped in superposed relation to the same side of the stock at the rear of the bit; substantially as described.

7. In a rabbet plane, the combination of a stock, parallel superposed gage plates at one side of the stock, and a single means for clamping said plates in the desired vertical adjustment; substantially as described.

8. In a rabbet plane, the combination of a stock, a tongue depending therefrom, a lateral ledge or flange above said tongue having a gap therein, a gage plate movable vertically in the gap in said ledge or flange, and means for clamping said gage plate in the desired vertical adjustment; substantially as described.

9. In a rabbet plane, the combination of a stock, a tongue depending from the bottom thereof, a ledge or flange extending laterally from said stock above said tongue and having a gap therein, superposed plates movable vertically in said gap, and a set screw to secure said plates to the side of the stock in the desired vertical adjustment; substantially as described.

10. In a rabbet plane, the combination of a stock having a laterally extending ledge or flange, said ledge or flange having a gap therein, and a plurality of superposed gage plates adjustable vertically on the side of the stock in said gap, the combined width of said plates being equal tothe width of said ledge 01' flange; substantially as described.

11. In a rabbet plane, the combination with a stock, of adjustable means associated therewith for presenting in connection with said stock guiding bodies of different thickness; substantially as described.

12. In a rabbet plane, the combination with a stock, of a guide device associated therewith, adjustable to present guiding bodies of at least two different thicknesses in connection with the stock, and also adjustable into an inoperative position; sub stantially as described.

18. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a plurality of cutters of different widths for use with said stock, and adjust able means for increasing the effective guiding width of the stock, having an adjustment in which it serves as a depth gage; substantially as described.

lt. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a plurality of cutters of different widths for use with said stock, and a plurality of separate members collectively adjustable to increase the effective guiding width of the stock and also adjustable to regulate the depth of the cut; substantially as described.

15. In a plane, the combination of a stock, a plurality of cutters of different widths for use with said stock, and a plurality of separate plates in connection with said stock, individually or collectively adjustable to present in connection with the stock guiding bodies of different thickness, and individually or collectively adjustable to limit the depth of the cut; substantially as described.

16. In a rabbet plane, the combination of a stock having a depending tongue, a plurality of cutters of different widths for use with said stock, and a plurality of separate members movable individually or collectively into position alongside said tongue to present guiding bodies of different thickness, said members being adjustable individually or collectively to limit the depth of the cut; substantially as described.

17. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue, and a guide device in connection with said tongue, adjustable to present in conjunction therewith differently sized guiding bodies of square cross-section movable in the cut; substantially as de scribed.

18. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a lateral ledge or flange, and a guide device in connection with said tongue and ledge, adjustable to present in connection with said tongue guid ing bodies of square cross-section and of at least two different sizes, movable in the cut of the plane; substantially as described.

19. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a guide plate applied to the side of the stock and movable downwardly alongside said tongue, the width of said guide plate added to the width of the tongue being equal to the depth of the tongue; substantially as described.

20. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue, and a guide plate applied to the side of the stock and movable downwardly alongside said tongue, the width of said guide plate added to the width of the tongue being equal to the depth of the tongue, and said guide plate having an intermediate position in which its lower surface is raised from the bottom of the tongue to an extent corresponding to the width of the tongue; substantially as described.

21. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a ledge or flange im mediately above said tongue, a guide plate movable down into position alongside said tongue and of sufficient thickness to present in connection with the tongue a guiding body having a width corresponding to the depth of the tongue, and a second guide plate superposed on the first and independently adjustable; substantially as described.

22. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a ledge or flange immediately above said tongue, a guide plate movable down into position alongside said tongue and of suiiicient thickness to present in connection with the tongue a guiding body having a width corresponding to the depth of the tongue, and a second guide plate superposed on the first and independently adjustable, the thickness of the two plates in conjunction being equal to the width of the aforesaid ledge or flange; substantially as described.

28. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a ledge or flange immediately above said tongue, a guide plate movable down into position alongside said tongue and of sufficient thickness to present in. connection with the tongue a guiding body having a width corresponding to the depth of the tongue, and a second guide plate superposed on the first and independently adjustable, the thickness of the two plates in conjunction being equal to the thickness of said tongue; substantially as described.

24*. In a rabbet plane, a stock having a depending tongue and a ledge or flange immediately above said tongue, a guide plate movable down into position alongside said tongue and of sufficient thickness to present in connection with the tongue a guiding body having a width corresponding to the depth of the tongue, and a second guide plate superposed on the first and independ-' cntly adjustable, the thickness of the two plates in conjunction being equal to the thickness of the tongue and also equal to the thickness of said ledge or flange; substantially as described.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand on the 2nd day of February, 1912.

JOHN H. SHAW.

Witnesses:

E. J. SHIPMAN, BERTI-IA RAY.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

Washington, D. C. 

